India has drawn a line. On 4 August the Ministry of External Affairs dismissed the latest American and European penalties as “unjustified and unreasonable”, hours after President Trump lifted tariffs on Indian exports to 50% and alleged that New Delhi was “financing” Moscow with cheap-oil purchases. Brussels had already black-listed the part-Russian Vadinar refinery and tightened its price cap on July 18.

The rebuke rests on awkward facts. Urals crude does account for a record 44% of India’s imports — about two million barrels a day in FY 2024-25 — yet the West continues to buy Russian LNG, uranium and critical minerals. Washington itself encouraged India to keep that pipeline open in 2022 to calm markets. “Energy security for 1.4 billion people is a vital national compulsion,” the MEA notes. The new measures pile onto a growing list of irritants: reciprocal U.S. tariffs effective 7 August; pressure over Operation Sindoor during this year’s India-Pakistan flare-up; and stalled talks on dairy and GM-crop access. Rosneft warns that refinery sanctions “directly threaten India’s energy security”.

Unsurprisingly, New Delhi’s patience is thinning. Yet disengagement is neither feasible nor wise. The United States still absorbs nearly one-fifth of Indian exports. Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal says dialogue will continue even as Ajit Doval and S. Jaishankar travel to Moscow to prepare President Putin’s Delhi visit — a clear assertion of strategic autonomy.

Washington and Brussels must choose: do they want a cooperative partner in the Indo-Pacific or a resentful swing state? Tariffs and extraterritorial sanctions will only accelerate the very rupee-rouble mechanisms the West dislikes. Sherman-era coercion sits poorly in a multipolar world. If the aim is to squeeze Kremlin revenues, constructive engagement with the planet’s fastest-growing major economy would serve better than punitive grandstanding. India, having shaken off one imperial “king”, will not bend the knee to another.